Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that can damage the optic nerve and lead to permanent vision loss. It is one of the leading causes of preventable visual loss worldwide.

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One of the challenges with glaucoma is that noticeable symptoms may not appear until the condition has progressed significantly. This is why glaucoma is often described as the “sneak thief of sight.”

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Once vision is lost because of glaucoma, it usually cannot be restored.

Who May Be at Higher Risk?

Anyone can develop glaucoma, but certain factors may increase risk, including:

• Being over 60 years of age

• Family history of glaucoma

• Diabetes

• Previous eye injuries

• Hispanic/Latino, Asian, or African ancestry

Screening & Monitoring

Regular eye examinations can help detect glaucoma at an earlier stage. Screening may include assessment of eye pressure and other appropriate examinations and diagnostic testing.

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Early detection and treatment can help control glaucoma and maintain relatively stable vision over the course of a person's lifetime.

Management

Treatment depends on the type and severity of glaucoma and may include:

• Medicated eye drops

• Oral medication

• Laser procedures

• Surgical procedures

Regular monitoring is important even when there are no noticeable symptoms.